The principle of obtaining one dimensional high resolution range profiles(HRRP)of a target is introduced，and a method of target detection and tracking based on HRRP is presented. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that some of the strong scattering centers of the target can be measured with HRRP. By synthetically using the information of strong scattering centers，S/J ratio can be increased and detection or tracking performance can be enhanced. The method proposed here can solve the problem of target detection and tracking under strong ground clutter backgrounds.