This paper introduces the recently developed chaos and multifractal theory into the fields of radar signal processing for radar target characteristic and recognition. The Lyapunov exponents of five kinds of planes are calculated. With the correlation integral method, the multifractal dimensions of these targets's cattering signal are further obtained. Then we carry on the experiment of radar target recognition and get satiafactory recognition-rate. The results of this paper show that the chaos and multifractal theory have great potentials in the fields of tadar signal processing and target recognition.