The autonomous formation reconfiguration of Distributed Satellite Systems is one of the typical missions of autonomous control. Formation reconfiguration of distributed satellites was divided into two aspects: relative orbit control and overall planning. Furthermore, a uniform description of formation reconfiguration was presented. Then the problem of Agent-based autonomous formation reconfiguration was discussed in the hierarchical control architecture of distributed satellites, and the implementation framework in ObjectAgent is introduced. A novel spiral control scheme was raised for relative orbit regulation, and the cost budget was estimated. Auctioneering algorithm was adopted for position allocation. Simulation results show the effectiveness of Agent-based autonomous formation reconfiguration.