In conduction cooling high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnet system, thermal conductivity of HTS magnetic pancakes and thermal boundary resistance between magnetic pancake and cooling body are the major factors affecting heat transport, and the difficult points for the thermal design of conduction cooling HTS magnet as well. A new method, based on the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, to simultaneously identify each heat transport parameter from the temperature distribution on the inspection surface was put forward. A low temperature experiment platform was setup, and a three-dimensional orthotropic heat transfer model of magnetic pancake was built. The orthotropic thermal conductivity and thermal boundary resistance of conduction cooling Bi2223 HTS magnet at 45～72 K were obtained with the method mentioned above. The influence of temperature measurement error on identification results was analyzed. The research result provides a new thought for obtaining heat transport parameters of conduction cooling superconducting magnet.