The surface deformation of airborne radome fabricated by PMI foam sandwich structure will happen when environment temperature was changed and the deformation will influence the performance of the radome. However, it is difficult to detect and analyze the thermal deformation of the radome in real time. The radome was calculated and analyzed by the model, which was established by using indirect thermal-structural coupling method in ANSYS. The traditional thermal expansion flake model used to analyze the calculation result in theory. Based on the analysis, the temperature shock test was designed and carried out. Result shows that the thermal-structural coupling deformation of the radome fabricated by PMI foam sandwich structure as the comprehensive strain trend that the expansion degree is the largest at the edge and the expansion degree gradually decreases from the edge to the center of the transparent surface. The average difference between the strain value of indirect thermal-structural coupling calculation and the measured strain value is 35.08%. The value proves the certain degree of credibility of the analysis method and the thermal-structure coupling model.