Aiming at the charging process of the spacecraft in the solar wind plasma, based on the spacecraft surface charging simulation software developed by the European Space Agency, a numerical calculation model of the spacecraft was established. The interaction between the solar wind plasma and the spacecraft was simulated, and different surface materials were simulated. The calculation and analysis of the surface potential of the spacecraft and the structure of the wake were realized, and the spatial potential structure and plasma density distribution around the spacecraft in the near-day environment were given. The research results show that the choice of surface material will affect the depth of the space barrier and the structure of the wake, and the surface material whose surface is charged to a lower potential has a smaller wake area; the potential distribution of the spacecraft towards the sun is mainly dominated by photoelectrons and secondary electrons, while the back of the potential distribution of the positive side is mainly affected by the wake effect. The above results have certain theoretical reference value for related work such as detection and evaluation of solar wind environment spacecraft and engineering research.