The microstructure and the properties of S147 aluminum alloy plate at each stage of deformation aging have been studied. The fracture aspects of the material have been analyzed and examined with a SEM. The microstructures and features of transition phase precipitates of S147 aluminum alloy after deformation aging have been analyzed and investigated with thin foil Specimens by TEM. The results show that the optimun deformation aging Can greatly increase the strength，plasticity and toughness of S147 aluminum alloy，and improve the feature and process of trousition phase precipitates.