There are respective advantages for image processing and target detection by neural network methods of fuzzy set theory methods.The paper proposes a hybrid approach by combining the two type methods,namely,Fuzzy Multilayer Self-Organizing Map(FMSOM),which utilizes fuzziness measure as objective function of neural network.The network comprises multilayer structure,every neuron in each layer corresponds to pixel of image,which just connects with the corresponding neurons in prior layer and its neighbors.Experiments using remote sensing images as input are executed and the results verify the approach is valid for target detection and extraction,simultaneously,possesses good noise immunity.