Aiming at to the special demands for angles measurement while drilling underground, the paper describes a new approach of determining the pitch and the roll with a single-axis accelerometer and a dual-axis accelerometer. A feasible temperature compensation method is adopted in our established systemCorresponding experimental results are described. Results show that the system has the advantages of small size, low cost, and its accuracy is better than 1°C. It is especially suitable for directional drilling to obtain the desired angles.