A sensor scheduling method based on the minimum risk was proposed for different target detecting tasks. The risk of active sensor being intercepted and the risk of target detecting were combined to build the sensor scheduling model based on the minimum risk under the form frame of target detecting. Three different kinds of target detecting task, for example, target tracking, target identification, and estimation of targets′ threat level, were considered separately to crystallize the sensor scheduling model based on the minimum risk, with three calculating methods of the target detecting risk given. For solving the model, an improved artificial bee colony algorithm was raised on the basis of the chaos theory, the backward learning and the two-way roulette. Simulations were made to illustrate that the proposed model is feasible and the algorithm is effective.