Considering the deficiency of analytic hierarchy process in evaluation of electro-optical protection combat effectiveness, analytic network process was proposed to evaluate, toke analyze of the independence, correlation and feedback of the interior of the element hierarchy as entry point, putted forward the main index dictionary of electro-optical protection combat effectiveness, setted up the evaluation model, according to setting up the matrix, calculating, obtaining the weights, complete the evaluation. Validate the model by an example obtains evaluation results with high reliability, which provide theory-reference for evaluation of electro-optical protection combat effectiveness.