等离子体对于高功率微波的攻击具有独特的防护效果。基于等离子体流体近似方法,利用COMSOL软件研究了高功率微波与柱状等离子体阵列相互作用过程中入射电场随时间的演变过程,分析了等离子体防护高功率微波的物理过程和作用机理。研究结果表明,入射的高功率微波会使等离子体参数发生剧烈变化,特别是其电子密度将急剧增加,从而使等离子体对入射的高功率微波表现出类似金属的电磁特性,最终实现对入射高功率微波的有效防护。此外,利用高频辉光放电产生柱状等离子体阵列,通过实验验证了等离子体对高功率微波的防护作用。最后,总结了基于等离子体的高功率微波防护技术需解决的主要问题。

Plasma has a unique protective effect against high-power microwave attack. Based on the plasma fluid approximation method, the time dependent evolution of the incident electric field during the interaction between high-power microwaves and columnar plasma arrays was studied by using COMSOL software, and the physical process and mechanism of plasma protection against high-power microwaves were analyzed. The results show that the incident high-power microwave will change the plasma parameters drastically, especially the electron density will increase sharply, so that the plasma will show metal-like electromagnetic properties to the incident high-power microwave, and finally realize the effective protection against the incident high-power microwave. In addition, the plasma protection against high-power microwaves was experimentally verified by using columnar plasma arrays generated by high-frequency glow discharge. Finally, the main problems to be solved for plasma-based high-power microwave protection technology were summarized.