Strong electromagnetic pulse may cause serious damage once it is coupled into the interior of the electronic system. As a kind of special electromagnetic medium, the plasma has the ability of shielding strong electromagnetic pulse. Therefore, electromagnetic pulse protection technology based on the plasma is of practical significance. The electric field distribution in work space of the nuclear electromagnetic pulse simulator was simulated and analyzed by the CST software. The interfering and damaging effect of the singlechip microcomputer under irradiation of the nuclear electromagnetic pulse was studied, the results showing that the interfering and damaging thresholds of the nuclear electromagnetic pulse to MF-51-1 MCU are 10 kV/m and 18 kV/m respectively. The protection performance of the onelayer plasma array to the nuclear electromagnetic pulse was experimentally studied, and the energy attenuation value can reach up to 10 dB. The research results show that the plasma has the protection ability against strong electromagnetic pulse.