In order to comprehensively evaluate the survivability of launch vehicles in combat, a weapon equipment evaluation space was established by distinguishing parameters-performance-capability-effectiveness at four levels. In view of the survivability assessment of launch vehicles, graded five types of natural environment, three levels of threat environment and three kinds of combat flow status, the impact of external environment was taken as the necessary conditions of effectiveness evaluation, and an evaluation framework of three dimensions of object, content and level was constructed.The detection probability and damage probability were used to characterize the camouflage ability and anti-damage protection ability of launch vehicles, and the continuous transfer probability matrix of launch vehicles′ combat status was established. A comprehensive evaluation model of launch vehicle based on improved availability, dependability, capability model under typical combat flow and graded environment was proposed. Through simulation analysis, the survivability of various launch vehicles varies significantly in different environments and combat status, the model can dynamically evaluate the survivability of launch vehicles from multiple dimensions of performance space, environment space and combat flow space, and put forward optimization and quantitative suggestions for the performance design and battlefield application of launch vehicles.