The aviation and aerospace transition zones (AATZ), spanning altitudes between 50–250 km, constitutes a strategic arena for hypersonic weapon penetration and electronic warfare operations, serving as a critical battlefield that significantly impacts operational effectiveness. Artificial intelligence (AI) is profoundly empowering the region's information warfare systems, driving their evolution toward dynamic and intelligent capabilities. Key AI technologies and applications across the entire “perception-fusion-prediction-countermeasure” chain are systematically reviewed: relying on deep learning for efficient inversion of environmental parameters; utilizing intelligent fusion to construct digital twins of battlefield environments; enhancing forecast accuracy through physical information; and developing autonomous learning and game-theoretic decision-making capabilities to support precise cognition and counter-interference. AI-enabled environmental information deception and counter-deception confronts four intertwined bottlenecks: inherent uncertainty in multi-source perception, feeble interpretability of deep predictive models, poor cross-domain transferability under heterogeneous conditions, and scarcity of realistic training data. The core challenges facing AI-enabled information warfare include environmental perception uncertainty, weak model interpretability, difficulties in cross-domain transfer, and restricted data acquisition. Finally, the outlook for future development is presented, emphasizing that AI is evolving from a technical tool into a core driving force.