| 引用本文: | 杨栋,刘振祥,舒挺,等.直流螺旋线圈电磁发射器的能量转换效率.[J].国防科技大学学报,2018,40(5):103-108,145.[点击复制] |
| YANG Dong,LIU Zhenxiang,SHU Ting,et al.Energy conversion efficiency of direct current helical coil electromagnetic launchers[J].Journal of National University of Defense Technology,2018,40(5):103-108,145[点击复制] |
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| 直流螺旋线圈电磁发射器的能量转换效率 |
| 杨栋1,2, 刘振祥3, 舒挺1, 杨丽佳1, 沈志3, 欧阳建明3 |
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(1. 国防科技大学 前沿交叉学科学院， 湖南 长沙 410073;2. 莆田学院 机电工程学院， 福建 莆田 351100;3. 国防科技大学 文理学院， 湖南 长沙 410073)
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| 摘要: |
| 综合考虑换向过程、炮口剩余磁能和电阻的能量损耗等因素，建立等效电路模型，通过理论、数值计算和实验的方法，对比分析了常规螺旋发射器和一种新型螺旋发射器的效率。结果表明：电阻焦耳热损耗的能量最大，其次是换向磁能损失，而炮口剩余磁能损失最小。降低电阻、增大互感梯度、减小驱动线圈单元的匝数、增大工作电流等方式可以有效提高发射器的能量转换效率。然而，较大的互感梯度也会带来较大的换向磁能和炮口磁能损失，造成炮管烧蚀甚至损坏、能量泄放和效率降低。另外，恒流工作模式的螺旋发射器理论效率超过轨道炮，且新型螺旋发射器结构的理论效率接近100%，未来有望在超导或较低电阻的情况下实现应用。 |
| 关键词: 电磁发射 线圈炮 螺旋线圈发射器 能量转换效率 |
| DOI：10.11887/j.cn.201805016 |
| 投稿日期：2017-07-06 |
| 基金项目:国家部委基金资助项目（51326020601） |
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| Energy conversion efficiency of direct current helical coil electromagnetic launchers |
| YANG Dong1,2, LIU Zhenxiang3, SHU Ting1, YANG Lijia1, SHEN Zhi3, OUYANG Jianming3 |
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(1. College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China;2. School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Putian University, Putian 351100, China;3. College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China)
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| Abstract: |
| Considering the factors such as commutation process, residual energy of muzzle and Joule loss of resistance, the equivalent circuit model was established, and the efficiency of conventional helical launcher and a novel helical launcher was analyzed by theoretical, numerical and experimental methods, respectively. The results show that the Joule heat loss is the largest, followed by the magnetic energy loss of commutation, while the muzzle residual magnetic energy loss is minimal. The energy conversion efficiency of the launcher can be effectively improved by reducing the resistance, increasing the mutual inductance gradient, reducing the number of turns in the stator coil unit, and increasing the operating current, etc. However, larger armature coil turns will also bring greater magnetic energy of commutation and muzzle magnetic energy loss, resulting in barrel erosion or even damage, energy release and low efficiency. Besides, the theoretical efficiency of the helical launcher is higher than the one of the railgun under constant current operating mode. The theoretical efficiency of the novel helical launcher is close to 100%, which is expected to be implemented in the case of superconductivity or lower resistance in the future. |
| Keywords: electromagnetic launch coil gun helical coil launcher energy conversion efficiency |
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