For the high-precision rendezvous trajectory optimization problem of a single chase satellite serving multiple target satellites on orbit, a three-step serial optimization method based on the multi-round iterative correction was proposed. The rendezvous sequence and approximate impulse solutions based on the analytical J2 perturbation model were obtained by using the differential evolution algorithm, and the high-precision solution of the first rendezvous maneuvering impulses was obtained by using the local optimization of the sequential quadratic programming algorithm. Moreover, a multi-round iterative correction model was constructed to update the subsequent target satellites′ states and maneuvering impulses to reduce the influence of the error diffusion between different models. Simulation results show that the proposed method can stably obtain the high-precision maneuvering parameters with approximate least cost in a few iterations.